During World War II, Sophie Scholl along with other students of the University of Munich led a non-violent and intellectual movement called the White Rose group. She became a vocal critic of the Nazi regime and often used leaflets to spread her message of resistance. The Nazis had her arrested and executed her by guillotine.
There was a foreign movie (German perhaps?) made in the 1980s about this group of dissidents called “The White Rose.” It was pretty good, as I recall.